How to Choose the Right Helmet: Type and Size

Safety gear always needs a helmet, it's a must-have. If you like riding bikes, or motorcycles, hitting the slopes, or gliding on a skateboard, strapping on a helmet can reduce the chances of a bad head injury by 70%. But, not every helmet is the same. To guard your noggin and stay comfy, it is super important to choose the right helmet type and size.

We're gonna dive into all the deets you gotta check out to choose, with all that fresh safety rule info and tips from the pros.

Why Helmet Choice Matters

A helmet’s primary role is to absorb impact energy during collisions, protecting your skull and brain. However, an ill-fitting or poorly designed helmet can fail in critical moments. According to the CDC, over 64,000 cyclists visited emergency rooms for head injuries in 2022 alone. Proper helmet use could prevent many of these cases.

Helmet Types and Features

Part 1: Choose the Right Helmet Type

Different activities require specialized helmets. Here’s a breakdown of the most common types:

1. Bicycle Helmets

Bike helmets are lightweight and ventilated, designed for impact protection at moderate speeds.

• Road Bike Helmets: Streamlined for aerodynamics, with ample ventilation.
• Mountain Bike Helmets: Offer extended rear coverage and visors for trail riding.
• Commuter Helmets: Often include built-in lights or reflective elements.

Key Features to Look For:

• MIPS Technology: Multi-directional Impact Protection System (MIPS) reduces rotational forces during angled impacts.
• Certifications: Look for CPSC (U.S.), CE (Europe), or AS/NZS (Australia/New Zealand) stickers.
• Ventilation: More vents = cooler rides but slightly less coverage.

2. Motorcycle Helmets

Motorcycle helmets prioritize full-head protection at high speeds. The main types include:

• Full-Face Helmets: Enclose the entire head with a chin bar. Best for street riders.
• Modular Helmets: A flip-up chin bar for versatility. Popular among touring riders.
• Open-Face Helmets (3/4 Helmets): Cover the top, back, and sides but leave the face exposed.
• Half Helmets: Minimalist design, covering only the top of the head.
• Off-Road Helmets: Lightweight with a visor and extended chin guard for dirt biking.

Safety Standards:

• DOT: U.S. Department of Transportation (basic standard).
• ECE 22.06: Updated European standard with rigorous testing (2023).
• SNELL: Voluntary certification for high-performance helmets.

3. Sports and Specialty Helmets

• Skateboarding/Longboarding: Durable, rounded shells for multi-impact protection (ASTM F1492 certified).
• Snow Sports: Insulated with goggles compatibility (look for ASTM F2040).
• Equestrian: Protects the back of the head and meets SEI certification.
• Climbing: Lightweight with minimal bulk.

Part 2: Choose the Right Helmet Size

measure the head circumference and determine the head shape

Step1. Measure Your Head Circumference

The first step to choose the right helmet size is to measure your head accurately.

1. Use a Flexible Measuring Tape: Wrap a soft measuring tape around the widest part of your head, approximately one inch above your eyebrows and ears. Ensure the tape is level and snug but not too tight.
2. Note the Measurement: Record the measurement in centimeters or inches, depending on the sizing chart you'll be using.

Step2. Determine Your Head Shape

Understanding your head shape is vital, as helmets are designed to accommodate various shapes:

• Long Oval: The head is longer front-to-back and narrower side-to-side.
• Intermediate Oval: Slightly longer front-to-back; the most common head shape.
• Round Oval: Almost identical measurements front-to-back and side-to-side.

Tip: Identifying your head shape helps in selecting a helmet that offers a snug fit without pressure points.

Step3. Consult the Manufacturer's Sizing Chart

Helmet sizes can vary between manufacturers. Always refer to the specific sizing chart provided by the brand you're considering. Match your head circumference to the corresponding helmet size.

General Helmet Size Reference:

If your measurement falls between sizes, it's generally advisable to opt for the smaller size, as helmets tend to loosen slightly over time.

Step4. Try the Helmet On

Once you've identified a potential helmet size, it's crucial to try it on:

• Positioning: The helmet should sit evenly on your head, with the eye port's upper edge just above your eyebrows, offering good peripheral vision.
• Cheek Pads: They should touch your cheeks firmly but not uncomfortably.
• Movement: Fasten the chin strap securely and shake your head gently from side to side and up and down. The helmet should remain stable without excessive movement.

try the helmet on

Step 5: Adjust the Fit

• Padding: Use removable pads to customize snugness.
• Retention System: Turn the dial at the back to tighten the fit.
• Straps: Buckle the chin strap and adjust until it’s snug (1–2 fingers max under the strap).

Step6. Perform a Long-Term Fit Test

Wear the helmet for at least 20-30 minutes to assess its comfort over time. This period helps identify any pressure points or discomfort that may not be immediately apparent.

Part 3: Additional Tips for Choosing a Helmet

1. Prioritize Safety Certifications

• Bike: CPSC, CE EN 1078.
• Motorcycle: ECE 22.06, DOT, or SNELL.
• Multi-Sport: Dual-certified helmets offer versatility.

2. Comfort Matters

• Ventilation: Look for adjustable vents in hot climates.
• Weight: Lightweight helmets (under 400g for bikes) reduce neck strain.
• Lining: Moisture-wicking liners keep you dry.

3. Replace After Impact

replace your helmet promptly

Even minor crashes can compromise a helmet’s structure. Replace it immediately if:

• The shell is cracked.
• The foam liner is dented.
• You’ve had a collision, even without visible damage.

Average Lifespan: Replace every 3–5 years due to material degradation.

4. Style vs. Safety

While color and design matter, never sacrifice safety for looks. Bright colors enhance visibility on roads.

5. Final Checklist:

☑️ Correct type for your activity.
☑️ Properly measured size.
☑️ Up-to-date safety certifications.
☑️ Comfortable fit with no gaps.

Conclusion: Safety First, Always

Choosing the right helmet involves balancing type, fit, and functionality. Always opt for certified helmets tailored to your activity, and never compromise on fit. Remember, a helmet is a lifesaver—not an accessory. Measure twice, try before buying, and ride safe!

Stephen

Motorcycle mechanic, writer. Interested in motorcycle gear for years. Like to stay up to date with the newest products and techniques of the motorcycle.